Smoking Cigarettes :: Argumentative Persuasive Example Essays

The Silent KillerIntro-      Hello everyone, if you dont already know, my name is Greg Mrowka, and Im here to talk to you about the silent killer, smoking. My goal in seeing you about smoking is that you yourselves will not one day gravel a casualty in the war on smoking. I myself am already in the numbers as one of the addicted, potential casualties. From experience, and through witnessing umteen deaths on behalf of smoking I believe I am well qualified on telling you about this subject. Goals-     Firstly I will tell about the propaganda behind smoking and what influences people to turn to smoking, then I will tell you about the ill-effects that smoking propositions for all of its customers, and finally I will tell you about how to avoid or quit smoking.Influences- The first and seemingly strongest influence is peer pressureSecond are advertisements made to juvenile teens and children as well as a majority of the black communityOral cit ation-Of all people who have ever tried a cigarette, 88 percent tried their first cigarette by age 18.- Tobacco Use Among Young People A Report of the Surgeon General," 1994, p. 67.Citation-Every day, the tobacco companies startle about 3,000 new customers -- kids.- 3000/day new customers JAMA, January 6, 1989Ill-effects-several diseases can be contracted from the use of cigarettes., these include cancer, hair loss, wrinkles, buergers disease, psoriasis, heart illness, impotence, cervical cancer, ulcers, discoloration of odontiasis and fingers, osteoporosis, hearing loss, etcAll of these ailments will be detailed on the visual aidHow to quit or not smoke-The easiest ways to prevent smoking are simple, most smokers start smoking at a young age, if you dont smoke while your in school, you are more likely not to smoke later on. Keep yourself away from smoker scenes, avoid being in restaurants that allow smoking.To quit is hardThey also know that of the ones who try to quit only about 3% succeed.- Those who try to quit 3% succeed MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT, CDC, DECEMBER 23, 1994 Wheres our right to quit? Tobacco companies know that 70% of smokers want to quit only when cant.- 70% of smokers want to quit but cant http//www.cdc.gov/tobacco/research_data/bka/ythaddct.htmHowever here are ways, but they include drastic changes in life styleOne way is to simply alter your day to day activities, try public transport rather of driving, because you cant smoke there, go to different restaurants and if necessary hang out with your usual friends less often.

Growth Dynamics Of E. Coli In Varying Concentrations Of Nutrient Broth :: essays research papers

Growth Dynamics of E. coli in Varying Concentrations of Nutrient Broths, pH, andin the Presence of an Antibiotic topThe purpose in this experiment of growth dynamics of E. coli in varying mediawas to rig which media produces the maximum turn of events of cubicles per unit time.First a control was accomplished for E. coli in a 1.0x nutrient broth. This wasused to comp atomic tot up 18 the growth in the experimental media of 0.5x and 2.0x, nutrientbroths nutrient broths with an additional 5.0mM of glucose and another with5.0mM lactose nutrient broths of varying pH levels 6.0, 7.0, and 8.0 and eventually a nutrient broth in the presence of the drug/antibiotic chloramphenicol.A variety of OD readings were taken and calculations made to determine thenumber of cells present after a given time. Then two graphs were plotted, Numberof cells per unit volume versus Time in minutes and Log of the number of cellsper unit volume versus Time growth curve. The final cell concentration for thec ontrol was 619,500 cells/mL. Four media, after calculations, produced fewercells than that of the control, these were Chloramphenicol producing 89,3 01cells/ml glucose producing 411,951 cells/mL lactose producing 477,441 cells/mLand finally pH 6.0 producing 579,557cells/mL. The remaining quaternity media, aftercalculations, produced cell counts greater than the control 2X with 1,087,009cells/mL 0.5X with 2,205,026 cells/mL pH 8 with 3,583,750 cells/mL and finallypH 7.0 with 8,090,325 cells/mL. From these results the conclusion can be madethat the environment is a controlling factor in the growth dynamics of E. coli.This was found through the rule of pH and nutrient concentrations. In thepresence of the drug/antibiotic, chloramphenicol, cell growth was minimal.IntroductionE. coli grows and divides through asexual reproduction. Growth will continueuntil all nutrients are depleted and the wastes rise to a toxic level. This isdemonstrated by the Log of the number of cells per unit vol ume versus Timegrowth curve. This growth curve consists of four phases Lag, Exponential,Stationary, and finally Death. During the Lag phase there is little increase inthe number of cells. Rather, during this phase cells increase in size bytransporting nutrients inside the cell from the medium preparing forreproduction and synthesizing DNA and various enzymes needed for cell division.In the Exponential phase, also called the log growth phase, bacterial celldivision begins. The number of cells increases as an exponential function oftime. The third phase, Stationary, is where the culture has reached a phaseduring which there is no net increase in the number of cells. During the

Puritan Depravity and Distrust in Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown Essay

Puritan Depravity and Distrust in Young Goodman Brown Puritan doctrine taught that all manpower are totally depraved and require constant self-examination to see that they are sinners and unworthy of Gods Grace. Because man had broken the Covenant of Works when Adam had eaten from the direct of Knowledge, God offered a new covenant to Abrahams people which held that election to Heaven was merely a possibility. In the Puritan religion, believers dutifully recognized the negative aspects of their humanity rather than the gifts they possessed. This shadow of distrust would have a direct work out on early American New England and on many of its historians and writers, one of which was Nathaniel Hawthorne. The lure of Puritan religion, culture and education along with the setting of his hometown of Salem, Massachusetts, is a common topic in Nathaniel Hawthornes works. In particular, Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown allows the writer to examine and perchance provide commentary on no t only the Salem of his own time but similarly the Salem of his ancestors. Growing up, Hawthorne could not escape the influence of Puritan society, not only from residing with his fathers devout Puritan family as a child but also due to Hawthornes correction of his own family history. The first of his ancestors, William Hathorne, is describe in Hawthornes The Custom House as arriving with the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1630 with his Bible and his sword (26). A further connection can also be seen in his more notable ancestor John Hathorne, who exemplified the level of zealousness in Puritanism with his role as persecutor in the Salem Witch Trials. The study of his own family from the establishment of the Bay Colony to the Second Gre... ... 40 (First Quarter 1994) 67-88. Grayson, Robert C. Curdled Milk for Babes The Role of the Catechism in Young Goodman Brown. The Nathaniel Hawthorne Review 16 (Spring 1990) 1-5. Hawthorne, Nathaniel. Young Goodman Brown. 1835. The heathland Ant hology of American Literature. Ed. Paul Lauter et al. 2nd ed. Vol. 1. Lexington Heath, 1944. 2129-38. Levin, David. What happened in Salem? 2nd ed. New York Harcourt, Brace and World Inc, 1967. Mather, Cotton. A Discourse on Witchcraft. Levin 96-105. Murfin, Ross C. Introduction The Biographical and diachronic Background. Case Studies in Contemporary Criticism Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Scarlet Letter. Boston St. Martins Press, 1991. 3-18. Shuffelton, Frank. Nathaniel Hawthorne and the Revival Movement. The American Transcendental Quarterly 44 (Fall 1979) 311-321.

Colonialism and Imperialism in Africa Essay examples -- Exploratory Es

unhealthiness and Imperialism in Africa Diseases were prevalent in Africa during the time of European Imperialism. Disease affected twain natives and European peoples in Africa. African diseases affected both natives and European explorers and sol smashrs as well as diseases brought by the Europeans that affected the Africans. Numerouks diseases impadcted the Europeans in Africa during the time of Imperialism. During the time of Imperialism many explorers and soldiers died of disease. During 1804-25 over 60 per centime of the men displace out by the Church Missionary Society died of disease (McLynn 228). Traveling to Africa was very dangerous. Before the 19th century, European soldiers in the equatorial areas in Africa died from disease at four to five time the rate of those in Europe (Curtin). By far the greatest fatality in Africa was from malaria (McLynn 228). Often quantify entire expeditions would die of disease upon traveling in Africa. Of the 40 men who accompanied Mongo Parks second expedition to the Niger in 1805, not one returned to England. Six were killed in battle, the rest died of malaria or dysentery (McLynn 228). The Europeans lacked ways to cure or prevent these diseases be dress they knew so little about them. Traditional remedies were lying in steam baths, taking moth-eaten dips in the sea, applying bisters or swallowing doses of strychnine, arsenic, and calomel (McLynn 232). Disease stopped the Europeans from moving quickly through Africa. The symptoms of illness and loss of life halted exploration. Symptoms of malaria were incapacitating they included chills, fever, and sweating (Malaria). The cause of malaria was unknown until it was observe that it was caused by a blood parasite of man,... ...rta. CD-ROM. Microsoft. 1994. Manderson, Lenore Ph.D. Public Health Developments in Colonial Malaya Colonialism and the Politics of Prevention. America Journal of Public Health. Jan 1999 102-107. Masland, Tom, and pole Nordland. 10 trillion Orphans. bare-asssweek. 17 Jan. 2000. 5 March 2000 http//newsweek.com/nw-srv/printed/us/in/a4881-2000jan9.htm. McLynn, Frank. Hearts of Darkness The European Exploration of Africa. New York Carrol & Graf, 1993. 227-252. Reader, John. Africa A Biography of the Continent. New York Vintage Books, 1997. 239-248. Smaldone, Joseph P. Disease and Empire The Health of European Troops in the Conquest of Africa. The Journal of Military History. April 1999 453-455. Online. Proquest. Proquest UMI. 28 Feb. 2000. Wekesser, Carol, ed. Africa Opposing Viewpoints. San Diego Greenhaven Press, 1992. 24-32. Colonialism and Imperialism in Africa Essay examples -- wildcat EsDisease and Imperialism in Africa Diseases were prevalent in Africa during the time of European Imperialism. Disease affected both natives and European peoples in Africa. African diseases affected both natives and European explorers and soldiers as well as diseases brought by the Europeans that affe cted the Africans. Numerouks diseases impadcted the Europeans in Africa during the time of Imperialism. During the time of Imperialism many explorers and soldiers died of disease. During 1804-25 over 60 per cent of the men sent out by the Church Missionary Society died of disease (McLynn 228). Traveling to Africa was very dangerous. Before the 19th century, European soldiers in the tropical areas in Africa died from disease at four to five time the rate of those in Europe (Curtin). By far the greatest fatality in Africa was from malaria (McLynn 228). Often times entire expeditions would die of disease upon traveling in Africa. Of the 40 men who accompanied Mongo Parks second expedition to the Niger in 1805, not one returned to England. Six were killed in battle, the rest died of malaria or dysentery (McLynn 228). The Europeans lacked ways to cure or prevent these diseases because they knew so little about them. Traditional remedies were lying in steam baths, taking cold dips in t he sea, applying bisters or swallowing doses of strychnine, arsenic, and calomel (McLynn 232). Disease stopped the Europeans from moving quickly through Africa. The symptoms of illness and loss of life halted exploration. Symptoms of malaria were incapacitating they included chills, fever, and sweating (Malaria). The cause of malaria was unknown until it was discovered that it was caused by a blood parasite of man,... ...rta. CD-ROM. Microsoft. 1994. Manderson, Lenore Ph.D. Public Health Developments in Colonial Malaya Colonialism and the Politics of Prevention. America Journal of Public Health. Jan 1999 102-107. Masland, Tom, and Rod Nordland. 10 Million Orphans. Newsweek. 17 Jan. 2000. 5 March 2000 http//newsweek.com/nw-srv/printed/us/in/a4881-2000jan9.htm. McLynn, Frank. Hearts of Darkness The European Exploration of Africa. New York Carrol & Graf, 1993. 227-252. Reader, John. Africa A Biography of the Continent. New York Vintage Books, 1997. 239-248. Smaldone, Joseph P. Di sease and Empire The Health of European Troops in the Conquest of Africa. The Journal of Military History. April 1999 453-455. Online. Proquest. Proquest UMI. 28 Feb. 2000. Wekesser, Carol, ed. Africa Opposing Viewpoints. San Diego Greenhaven Press, 1992. 24-32.

Strindbergs The Stronger Essay -- Strindberg Stronger Essays

Strindbergs The StrongerIn The Stronger Strindberg focuses upon the role and importance ofwomen at the turn of the 20th century. This is portrayed with aconversation of two women who have different lives and socialstatuses. Mrs. X is married and therefore socially stronger. Miss Y isunmarried and rather poignantly, doesnt speak.At the turn of the 20th century, women were seen as 2nd class citizensto men. However, this entire play is set in a womens caf whereStrindbergs purpose is to allow the two characters to fully readtheir regainings rather than be influenced and controlled by men. Sincethe play focuses upon the role and importance of marriage and family,the setting of Christmas is significant. It reinforces Mrs. Xs familyvalues and the power it gives her over Miss Y However, later on in theplay, the saturation of constant silence by Miss Y proves more powerfulthan Mrs Xs family values and the setting of Christmas is quiteforgotten.Strindberg uses a title and iodin letter as names for the charactersto emphasise the issue of marital status where the individuality ofthe two women isnt important. It is merely the title that defines theperson.We recognise stage directions as specify actions, usually just beforeor after speech and sometimes during a characters line. They can beused to emphasise a characters speech or to illustrate a certainemotion. This may hint at or reveal a characters personality, where acertain movement may show strength or weakness, particularly importantfor Miss Y who expresses herself solely through actions and facialexpressions.The stage directions in The stronger tell the audience about howstrong or weak a character is. For... ...e play, there are times when both characters are strongand weak. It is only at the end of the play where I feel that Mrs Xstrue strength is shown. She briefly concludes the argument and doesntappear to have any hard feelings towards Miss Y. She even thanks herfor the way she has influenced her family life . Mrs X represented the conventional women of Strindbergs time where her life revolved aroundher husband and family. This is completely the opposite for Miss Y whorepresented women wanting a change to the male-dominated world. Shedoesnt react to Mrs Xs buy at speeches about family or childrenand remains calm. She is more interested in her paper than what Mrs Xhas to say.Above all, I conclude that Miss Y is the stronger. This is becauseof her ability to not rise to Mrs Xs bait. She is strong in hersilence and never retaliates.

Strindbergs The Stronger Essay -- Strindberg Stronger Essays

Strindbergs The StrongerIn The Stronger Strindberg focuses upon the role and importance ofwomen at the turn of the 20th century. This is portrayed through aconversation of two women who consume different lives and socialstatuses. Mrs. X is married and thitherfore socially stronger. shed Y isunmarried and rather poignantly, doesnt speak.At the turn of the 20th century, women were seen as second class citizensto men. However, this entire capriole is set in a womens caf whereStrindbergs purpose is to allow the two characters to fully expresstheir feelings rather than be influenced and controlled by men. Sincethe play focuses upon the role and importance of marriage and family,the setting of Christmas is significant. It reinforces Mrs. Xs familyvalues and the power it gives her over Miss Y However, later on in theplay, the strength of constant tranquillise by Miss Y proves to a greater extent powerfulthan Mrs Xs family values and the setting of Christmas is quiteforgotten.Strindberg uses a title and single letter as names for the charactersto stress the issue of marital status where the individuality ofthe two women isnt important. It is merely the title that defines theperson.We recognise stage directions as defined actions, usually just beforeor after speech and sometimes during a characters line. They can beused to emphasise a characters speech or to illustrate a certainemotion. This may hint at or reveal a characters personality, where acertain movement may show strength or weakness, particularly importantfor Miss Y who expresses herself solely through actions and facialexpressions.The stage directions in The stronger tell the audience about howstrong or weak a character is. For... ...e play, there are times when both characters are strongand weak. It is only at the end of the play where I feel that Mrs Xstrue strength is shown. She briefly concludes the line of descent and doesntappear to have any hard feelings towards Miss Y. She even thanks herfor th e way she has influenced her family life. Mrs X represented thetraditional women of Strindbergs time where her life revolved nighher husband and family. This is completely the opposite for Miss Y whorepresented women wanting a change to the male-dominated world. Shedoesnt react to Mrs Xs patronising speeches about family or childrenand remains calm. She is more interested in her paper than what Mrs Xhas to say.Above all, I conclude that Miss Y is the stronger. This is becauseof her ability to not rise to Mrs Xs bait. She is strong in her repose and never retaliates.

Empowerment in terms of theoretical perspectives: Exploring a typology of the process and components across disciplines Essay

Motivation and authorityIntroduction Motivation has been defined as the various forces which can either be internal or external forces which app arnt movement an somebody to become aroused and enthusiastic in their questing of pursuing a particular objective through a specific course of action (French, & Emerson, 2014). motivational is normally brought about by the kind of reward that one is to gain after completion of certain actions. These rewards can be intrinsic which involves personal expiation extrinsic rewards which are rewards given to another different person such as a pay increase and job promotions. A system-wide reward patently applies to all people within a certain category or group of people who perform similar duties within any given nerve (French, & Emerson, 2014). Motivation leads to em positionment whereby empowerment simply means the act of sharing power or delegating of authority or power to the subordinates within an system. empowerment is part of motivati on which helps in enhancing performance of the personnel within an organization (Hur, 2006). say-so has also been described simply as the ability and capability of an individual or a group of people to gain some form of understanding as well as the control over forces on issues link up to their personal, economic, accessible and even political life. This is done in order for them to be able to certain actions which best suits them in improving and enhancing their situations in life (Bagheri, Matin, & Amighi, 2011). Empowerment is also considered as the process through which communities, groups of people and individuals are enabled to have a grasp on power and take effective actions in gaining social justice, efficacy and greater control in terms of changing the environment within which they live as well as their lives.Elements/ Components of empowerment There are various components or elements of empowerment which include Access to information and the flow of information from the extension Accountability Strategy sharing Inclusion and date ascendence and power sharing as well as the relevant training. It is important that people should be provided with information that is relevant and the information needs to flow from the source to the recipient in a systematic manner (Hur, 2006). Empowerment also requires training so that one has got the necessary skills and knowledge that will enable to handling the power or authority delegated to them (Bagheri, Matin, & Amighi, 2011). Training will help to impart the skills required in achieving the goals and objectives set out within an organization. Accountability is also a component of empowerment whereby an individual is required to know what is expected. Individuals should be able to understand the impact and the meaning that their job has within the community or organization so that they are able to make decisions which are substantive and in line with the objectives of the organization or community. Another c omponent of empowerment is inclusion and participation which leads to collaboration and teamwork (Bagheri, Matin, & Amighi, 2011). People or personnel to be empowered needs to be included and engaged in active participation in the trading operations within the organization. This helps in enhancing innovation and creativity within an organization as well as motivates the employees to take charge of their actions. For complete empowerment, there must be the component of authority or power sharing with the subordinates (Narayan, & Workshop on Measuring Empowerment. (2005). The people need to be given the authority or power to perform certain duties and take certain course of actions so that they can be able to bring change to their situation and their environment.ReferencesBagheri, G., Matin, H., & Amighi, F. (2011). The Relationship between Empowerment and Organizational Citizenship Behavior of the Pedagogical Organization Employees. Iranian daybook Of Management Studies, 4(2), 53-6 2.French, P., & Emerson, M. C. (2014). Assessing the Variations in Reward Preference for Local Government Employees in Terms of Position, cosmos Service Motivation, and Public Sector Motivation. Public Performance & Management Review, 37(4), 552-576. doi10.2753/PMR1530-9576370402Hur, M. (2006). Empowerment in terms of theoretical perspectives Exploring a typology of the process and components across disciplines. Journal Of Community Psychology, 34(5), 523-540.Narayan, D., & Workshop on Measuring Empowerment. (2005). Measuring empowerment Cross-disciplinary perspectives. Washington, DC.Source document

Underclassman Advice

If I could give an underclassman some advice, I would unimpeachably give It about school, family, and relationships. As you grow up, you result soon realize how much time Is worth also, stay out of trouble Nobody wants to be grounded when they could be out with their friends. My first piece of advice Is to work hard In school. To be a good student, you must do your best in everything you do. Do your homework Put all of your effort Into each and every test and assignment.No matter how young you are, you need to start y researching about the life you adjure to harbor, and the places you want to go to be successful In your eyes. My second piece of advice Is to always love your family. I know, parents can be tough, but know that they compressed well. Family Is a very Important thing In life. They are the people that will always be there, no matter what you have done. Listen to your parents. forrader you know it, you will be saying goodbye to them, heading off onto a road that is un familiar, but they have to believe in you and hope that everything they have taught you will be enough.Dont let them down. My last please of advice is to not be wrapped up in your lover throughout high school. You dont need to entrust on somebody else and then expect to be independent after you guys break up. Most relationships dont last in high school anyways, so why wait for the harsh break up? All of this advice will help you grow up and be a good student, perfect daughter/son, and stomach a drama free life throughout high school. A student shouldnt worry because of unneeded stress, for they should Just have fun. I hope that you will use this advice and actually get something out of it. Just be mature and do your best.

Coyote Blue Chapter 3~5

CHAPTER 3The Machines of Irony Bring MemorySanta BarbaraAfter surface-to-air missiles secretary gave him the address of his appointment he hung up the cellular phone and punched the address into the navigation system hed had installed in the Mercedes so he would always know w here he was. Wher perpetually surface-to-air missile was, he was in touch. In addition to the cellular phone he wore a satel lighte beeper that could reach him allwhere in the world. He had fax machines and computers in his top executive and his fundament, as well as a notebook-sized computer with a modem that linked him with data bases that could provide him with everything from demographic stu run step ups to news clippings ab issue his clients. Three televisions with cable kept his home alive with news, weather, and sports and provided insipid entertainments to fill his idle hours and keep him abreast of what was vehement and what was not, as well as any information he might entertain up to construct a face to meet a face to change his personality to dovetail with that of any prospective client. The by-gone salesman out riding on a shoeshine and a smile had been replaced by a shape-shifting shark stalking the sale, and Sam, having buried foresightful ago who he in satisfyingity was, was an excellent salesman.Even as some(prenominal) a(prenominal) of Sams devices connected him to the world, others protected him from its harshness. Alarm systems in his car and condo kept criminals at bay, while climate control kept the air comfortable and squash discs soothed away distracting noise. A monstrous multi-armed black machine he kept in his spare bedroom simulated the motions of running, cross-country skiing, stair climbing, and swimming, while monitor his blood pres original and heart rate and making simulated ocean sounds that stimulated alpha waves in the brain. And all this without the risk of the shin splints, broken legs, drowning, or confusion that he might have experienced by actually way out somewhere and doing something. Air bags and belts protected him when he was in the car and condoms when he was in women. (And in that respect were women, for the resembling protean guile that served him as a salesman served him also as a seducer.) When the women left, protesting that he was charming scarcely something was missing, there was a number that he could call where psyche would be nice to him for $4.95 a minute. Sometimes, while he was getting his hair cut, turn onting in the chair with his protections and personalities down, the styler would run her hands down his neck, and that blue human contact sent a lonesome shudder rumbling with him like a heartbreak.Im here to see Mr. line of products, he verbalise to the secretary, an attractive woman in her forties. Sam Hunter, Aaron Assurance Associates. I have an appointment.Jims expecting you, she said. Sam liked that she used her bosss first reboot it confirmed the personality profile he had pro jected. Sams machines had told him that James railway line was one of the deuce main plane sectionners who owned Motion Marine, Inc., an enormously successful company that manufacture helmets and equipment for industrial deep-sea diving. Cable had been an underwater welder on the rigs off Santa Barbara before he and his partner, an engineer named Frank Cochran, had invented a new fiberglass scuba helmet that allowed divers(prenominal) to bear in radio contact while regulating the high-pressure miasma of gases that they breathed. The two became millionaires within a year and now, ten days later, they were view of taking the company public. Cochran deprivationed to be sure that at to the lowest degree one of the partners could retain controlling interest in the company in the answer that the other died. Sam was trying to write a multi-million-dollar insurance that would provide steal-out capital for the remaining partner.It was a simple partnership deal, the sort that Sam ha d through with(p) a hundred times, and Cochran, the engineer, with his mathematical way of thinking, his need for precision and order, his need to have all the loose ends tied up, had been an easy sale. With an engineer Sam plainly presented facts, carefully laid out in an equationlike manner that led to the desired answer, which was Where do I sign? Engineers were predictable, consistent, and easy. But Cable, the diver, was going to be a torture in the ass.Cable was a risk taker, a gambler. Any man who had spent ten years of his life operative hundreds of feet underwater, breathing helium and working with explosive gas, had to have come to terms with awe, and fear was what Sam traded in.In most cases the fear was easy to identify. It was not the fear of death that motivated Sams clients to buy it was the fear of dying unprepared. If he did his occupation full, the clients would feel that by turning down a policy they were somehow tempting fate to cause them to die untimely. (Sam had yet to hear of a death considered timely.) In their promontorys they created a new superstition, and like all superstitions it was based on the fear of irony. So, the only lottery slate you lose will be the winning one, the one time you leave your drivers license at home is the time you will be stopped for speeding, and when someone offers you an insurance policy that only pays you if youre dead, you better damn well buy it. Irony. It was a tacit depicted object, further one that Sam delivered with every sales pitch.He walked into Jim Cables office with the unusual feeling of being totally unprepared. Maybe it was in effect(p) the girl who had obnubilaten him, or the Indian.Cable was standing behind a want desk that had been fashioned from an old dinghy. He was tall, with the thin, ath allowic build of a runner, and completely bald. He extended his hand to Sam.Jim Cable. Frank told me youd be coming, however Im not sure I like this whole thing.Sam Hunter. Sam release d his hand. May I sit? This shouldnt take long. This was not a good start.Cable gestured for Sam to sit across from him and sat down. Sam remained standing. He didnt want the desk to act as a barrier between them it was too easy for Cable to defend.Do you mind if I move this chair over to your side of the desk? I have some materials Id like you to see and I need to be beside you.You can in effect(p) leave the materials, Ill look them over.Technology had helped Sam over this barrier. Well, actually its not printed matter. I have it in my computer and I have to be on the same side of the screen as you.Okay, I guess thats fine, therefore. Cable rolled his chair to the side to allow Sam room on the same side of the desk.Thats one, Sam thought. He moved his chair, sat down beside Cable, and opened the notebook computer.Well, Mr. Cable, it looks like we can set this whole thing up without any more than a physical for you and Frank.Whoa Cable brought his hands up in protest. We havent ag reed on this yet.Oh, Sam said. Frank gave me the impression that the decision had been made that this was just a meeting to confirm the tax revenue status and pension benefits of the policy.I didnt know there were pension benefits.Thats why Im here, Sam said. It wasnt why he was there at all. To explain them to you.Well, Frank and I havent gotten down to any specifics on this. Im not sure its a good idea at all.Sam unavoidable misdirection. He launched into the manifestation like a pit bull/Willy Loman crossbreed. As he spoke, the computer screen supported his statements with charts, graphs, and projections. Every five seconds a message flashed across the screen firmer than the eye could see, but not so fast that it could not nibble on the lobes of the subconscious like a gibelike lover. The message was BE SMART, pervert THIS. Sam had designed the program himself. The BE SMART part of the message could be modified for each client. The options were BE SEXY, BE YOUNG, BE BEAU TIFUL, BE THIN, BE TALL, and Sams personal favorite, BE GOD. Hed come up with the idea one night while watching a commercial in which six heavily muscled guys got to run around on the beach impressing beautiful women presumably because they drank light beer. BE A STUD, DRINK LIGHT.Sam finished his presentation and stopped talking abruptly, feeling that he had somehow forgotten something. He waited, letting the silence become uncomfortable, letting the conversation lay on the desk before them like a dead cat, letting the diver come to the correct conclusion. The first one to say loses. Sam knew it. He sensed that Cable knew it.Finally, Jim Cable said, This is a great little computer you have. Would you consider selling it?Sam was thrown. But what about the policy?I dont think its a good idea, Cable said. But I really like this computer. I think it would be smart to buy it.Smart? Sam said.Yeah, I just think it would be a smart thing to do.So much for subliminal advertising. Sam made a mental note to change his message to BE SMART, BUY THE POLICY. Look, Jim, you can get a computer like this in a dozen stores in town, but this partnership policy is set up for right now. You are never going to be younger, youll never be in better health, the premium will never be lower or the tax advantage better.But I dont need it. My family is taken care of and I dont care who takes control of the company after Im dead. If Frank wants to take a policy out on me Ill take the physical, but Im not betting against myself on this.There it was. Cable was not afraid and Sam knew no way to tutor the fear he needed. He had read that Cable had survived several diving accidents and even a helicopter crash while being shuttled to one of the inshore rigs. If he hadnt glimpsed his mortality before, then nothing Sam could say would put the Reaper in his shaving mirror. It was time to walk away and salvage one-half of the deal with Cables partner.Sam stood and closed the screen on the compute r. Well, Jim, Ill talk to Frank about the specifics of the policy and set up the appointment for the physical.They shook hands and Sam left the office trying to analyze what had gone wrong. Again and again the fear factor came up. Why couldnt he find and touch that place in Jim Cable? Granted, his concentration had been shot by the mornings events. Really, hed done a canned presentation to cover himself. But to cover what? This was a clean deal, cut and dried.When he climbed back into the Mercedes there was a red feather lying on the seat. He brushed it out onto the street and slammed the door. He drove back to his office with the air conditioner on high. Still, when he arrived ten transactions later, his shirt was soaked with sweat.CHAPTER 4Moments Are Our MentorsSanta BarbaraThere are those days, those imports in life, when for no particular evidence the senses are heightened and the commonplace becomes sublime. It was one of those days for Samuel Hunter.The appearance of the g irl, the wanting she had awakened in him, had started it. Then the Indians presence had so confused him that he was fumbling through the day marveling at things that before had never merited a second look. pass back into his outer office he spied his secretary, Gabriella Snow, and was awed for a moment by just how tremendously, how incredibly, how child-frighteningly ugly she was.There are those who, deprived of physical beauty, develop a sincerity and beauty of life story that seems to eclipse their appearance. They marry for love, stay married, and raise happy children who are quick to laugh and slow to judge. Gabriella was not one of those people. In fact, if not for her gruesome appearance, an unpleasant personality would have been her ascendant feature. She was good on the phone, however, and Sams clients were sometimes so relieved to be out of her office and into his that they bought policies out of gratitude, so he kept her on.Hed hired her three years ago from the resume she had mailed in. She was wildly overqualified for the position and Sam remembered wondering why she was applying for it in the first place. For three years Sam had breezed by her desk without really looking at her, but today, in his unbalanced state, her homeliness inspired him to poetry. But what rhymed with Gabriella?She said, Mr. Aaron is very anxious to talk to you, Mr. Hunter. He requested that you go right into his office as soon as you arrived.Gabriella, youve been here three years. You can call me Sam. Sam was still thinking about poetry. Salmonella?Thank you, Mr. Hunter, but I prefer to keep things businesslike. Mr. Aaron was quite adamant about seeing you immediately.Gabriella paused and checked a notepad on her desk, then read, Tell him to get his ass in my office as soon as he hits the door or Ill have him rat-fucked with a tire iron. What does that mean? Sam asked.I would assume that he would like to see you right away, sir.I guessed that. Sam said. Im a little vague on the rat-fucked part. What do you think, Gabriella?Gabriella, Gabriella,As fair as salmonella.Im sure I dont know. You might ask him.Right, Sam said.He walked down the hall to Aaron Aarons outer office, composing the next line of his poem along the way.It wouldnt surprise me in the leastIf you were mistaken for a beast.Aaron Aaron wasnt Aarons real name he had changed it so his insurance firm would be the first listed in the yellow pages. Sam didnt know Aarons real name and he had never asked. Who was he to judge? Samuel Hunter wasnt his real name either, and it was certainly less desirable alphabetically.Aarons secretary, Julia, a willowy actress/model/ terpsichorean who typed, answered phones, and referred to hairdressers as geniuses, greeted Sam with a smile that evinced thousands in orthodontia and bonding. Hi, Sam, hes really pissed. What did you do?Do?Yeah, on that Motion Marine deal. They called a few minutes ago and Aaron went off.I didnt do anything, Sam said. He started into Aarons office, then turned to Julia. Julia, do you know what rat-fuck means?No, Aaron just said that he was going to do it to you for scoop uping the joy out of his new head.He got a new head? Whats this one?A wild boar he shot run year. The taxidermist delivered it this morning.Thanks Julia, Ill be sure to notice it.Good luck. Julia smiled, then held the smile while she checked herself in the makeup mirror on her desk.Walking into Aarons office was like stepping into a nineteenth-century British hunt club walnut paneling adorned with the stuffed heads of a score of game animals, numbered prints of ducks on the wing, slash wing-back chairs, a cherry-wood desk clear of anything that might indicate that a business was being conducted. Sam immediately spotted the boars head.Aaron, its beautiful. Sam stood in front of the head with his arms outstretched. Its a masterpiece. He considered genuflecting to appeal to the latent Irish Catholic in Aaron, but decided that the insincerit y would be spotted.Aaron, short, fifty, balding, face shot with veins from drink, swiveled in his high-backed leather chair and put down the Vogue magazine he had been leafing through. Aaron had no interest in fashion it was the models that interested him. Sam had spent many an afternoon listening to Aarons forlorn day romances of having a showpiece wife. How was I to know that Katie would get fat and I would get successful? I was only 20 when we got married. I thought the idea of getting laid steadily was worth it. I need a woman that goes with my Jag. Not Katie. Shes pure Rambler. Here he would point to an ad in Vogue. Now, if I could only have a woman like that on my armShed have you surgically removed, Sam would say.Sure, be that way, Sam. You dont know what its like to think that getting a little strange could cost you half of what you own. You single guys have it all.Stop romanticizing, Aaron. Havent you heard? Sex kills.Sure, suck the joy out of my fantasies. You know, I use d to look forward to sex because it was 15 minutes when I didnt have to think about death and taxes.If you do think about death and taxes it lasts half an hour.Thats what I mean, I cant even get distracted with Katie anymore. Do you know what someone with my income has to pay in taxes? The chief came up in every one of their conversations. They had worked together for almost twenty years and Aaron always treated Sam as if he were still fifteen years old.I know exactly what someone with your income is supposed to pay in taxes, about ten times what you actually pay.And you dont think that that weighs on me? The IRS could take all this.Sam rather liked the vision of a team of IRS agents loading large dead animal heads into Aarons Jag and driving off with antlers out every window while Katie stood by shouting, Hey, half of those are mine No matter how much Aaron attained, he would never let go of his fear of losing it long enough to enjoy it. In his minds eye, Sam imagined Aaron mourn fully watching as they carried the wild boar head out by the tusks.This thing is gorgeous, Sam said. I think Im getting a woody just looking at it.I named it Gabriella, Aaron said proudly, forgetting for a moment that he was supposed to be angry. Then he remembered. What the fuck did you just pull over at Motion Marine? Frank Cochran is talking lawsuit.Over a little subliminal advertising? I dont think so.Subliminal advertising Jim Cable fainted after that stunt you pulled. They dont even know what happened yet. It could be a heart attack. Are you out of your fucking mind? I could lose the power over this.Sam could see Aarons blood pressure rising red on his scalp. You thought it was a great idea last week when I showed it to you.Dont drag me into this, Sam, youre on your own with this one. Ive pulled some shit in my time to push the fear factor, but I never had a client attacked by an Indian, for Christs sake.Indian? Sam almost choked. He lowered himself very gently into one of th e leather wing-backs. What Indian?Dont bullshit me, Sam. I taught you everything you know about bullshitting. Right after you left his office Jim Cable walked out of the Motion Marine building and was attacked by a guy dressed up as an Indian. With a tomahawk. If they catch the guy and he tells that you hired him, its over for both of us.Sam tried to speak but could find no breath to drive his voice. Aaron had been his teacher, and in a twisted, competitive way, Aaron was his friend and confidant, but he had never trusted Aaron with his fears. He had two Indians and cops. Indians because he was one, and if anyone found out it it would lead to policemen, one of whom he had killed. Here they were, after twenty years, paralyzing him.Aaron came around the desk and took Sam by the shoulders. Youre smarter than this, kid, he said, softening at Sams provable confusion. I know this was a big deal, but you know better than to do something desperate like that. You cant let them see that your e hungry. Thats the first rule I taught you, isnt it?Sam didnt answer. He was looking at the mule cervid head mounted over Aarons desk, but he was seeing the Indian sitting in the cafe grinning at him.Aaron shook him. Look, were not totally screwed here. We can draw up an agreement signing all your interest in the agency over to me and backdate it to last week. Then you would be working as an independent contractor like the other guys. I could advance you, say, thirty cents on the dollar for your shares under the table. Youd have enough to fight the good fight in court, and if they let you keep your license youll always have a job to come back to. What do you say?Sam stared at the cervid head, hearing Aarons voice only as a distant murmur. Sam was 26 years and twelve hundred miles away on a hill outside of Crow Agency, Montana. The voice he was hearing was that of his first teacher, his mentor, his fathers brother, his clan uncle a single-toothed, self-proclaimed shaman named Poke y Medicine Wing.CHAPTER 5The Gift of a DreamCrow Country 1967Sam, then called strapper Hunts unaccompanied, stood over the carcass of the mule cervid he had just shot, cradling the heavy Winchester.30?C30 in his arms.Did you thank the deer for giving its life up for you? Pokey asked. As horseshits clan uncle, it was Pokeys job to teach the son the ways of the Crow.I thanked him, Pokey.You know it is the Crow way to possess your first deer away. Do you know who you will divide it to? Pokey grinned around the capital of Oregon he held between his lips.No, I didnt know. Who should I give it to?It is a good submit for a clan uncle who has said many prayers for your success in decision a spirit helper on your vision quest.I should give it to you, then?It is up to you, but a carton of cigarettes is a good give way too, if you have the money.I dont have any money. I will give you the deer. Samson Hunts Alone sat down on the ground by the deer carcass and hung his head. He sniffed to fight back tears.Pokey kneeled beside him. Are you sad for killing the deer?No, I dont see why I have to give it away. Why cant I take it home and let Grandma cook it for all of us? Pokey took the rifle from the boy, levered a cartridge into the chamber, then let out a war whoop and fired it into the air. Samson stared at him as if hed lost his mind.You are a hunter now Pokey cried. Samson Hunts Alone has killed his first deer he shouted to the sky. Soon he will be a manPokey crouched down to the boy again. You should be happy to give the deer away. You are Crow and it is the Crow way.Sam looked up, his golden eyes shot with red and brimming with tears. One of the boys at educate says that the Crow are no more than thieves and scavengers. He said that the Crow are cowards because we never fought the white man.This boy is Cheyenne? Pokey said.Yes.Then he is jealous because he is not Crow. The Crow gave the Cheyenne and the Lakota and the Blackfoot a reason to get up in the mornin g. They outnumbered us ten to one and we held our land against them for two hundred years before the white man came. Tell this boy that his people should thank the Crow for being such good enemies. Then recoil his ass.But he is bigger than me.If your medicine is strong you will beat him. When you go on your fast next week, pray for warrior medicine.Samson didnt know what to say. He would go to the Wolf Mountains next week for his first vision quest. He would fast and pray and hope to find a spirit helper to give him medicine, but he wasnt sure he believed, and he didnt know how to tell Pokey.Pokey, the boy said finally, very quietly, his voice barely audible over the hot breeze whistling through the prairie grass, a lot of people say that you dont have no medicine at all, that you are just a kookie drunk.Pokey put his face so close to Samsons that the boy could smell the cigarette-and-liquor smell coming off him. Then, softly, in a gentle, musical rasp he said, Theyre right, I am a crazy drunk. The others are afraid of me cause Im so crazy. You know why?Sam sniffed, Nope.Pokey reached into his pocket and pulled out a small buckskin bundle tied with a thong. He untied the thong and unfolded the buckskin on the ground before the boy. In it lay an array of sharp teeth, claws, a tussock of tan fur, some loose tobacco, sweet grass, and sage. The largest object was a wooden carving of a coyote about two inches tall. Do you know what this is, Samson? Pokey asked.Looks like a medicine bundle. Aint you supposed to sing a song when you open it?Dont have to with this one. Nobody ever had medicine like this. I aint never showed it to anyone before.What are those teeth?Coyote teeth. Coyote claws, coyote fur. I dont tell people about it anymore because they all say Im crazy, but my spirit helper is Old Man Coyote.Hes just in stories, Sam said. There isnt any Old Man Coyote.Thats what you think, Pokey said. He came to me on my first fast, when I was about your age. I didnt know it was him. I thought it would be a bear, or an otter, because I was praying for war medicine. But on the fourth day of my fast I looked up and there was this young brave standing there dressed in black buckskins with red woodpecker feathers down his leggings and sleeves. He was exhausting a coyote skin as a headdress.How did you know it wasnt just somebody from the res?I didnt. I told him to go away and he said that he had been away long enough. He said that when he gave the Crows so many enemies he promised that he would always be with them so they could steal many horses and be fierce warriors. He said it was almost time to come back.But where is he? Samson asked. That was a long time ago and no one has seen him. If he was here they wouldnt say you were crazy.Old Man Coyote is the trickster. I think he gave me this medicine to make me crazy and make me want to drink. Pretty Eagle, who was a powerful medicine man then, told me how to make this bundle and he told me that if I was smart I would give it to someone else or throw it in the river, but I didnt do it.But if it is bad medicine, if he is your spirit helper and doesnt help youDoes the sun rise just for you, Samson Hunts Alone?No, it rises all over the world.But it passes you and makes you part of its circle, doesnt it?Yeah, I guess so.Well maybe this medicine is bigger than me. Maybe I am just part of the circle. If it makes me unhappy then at least I know why I am unhappy. Do you know why you are unhappy?My deerThere will be other deer. You have your family, you are good in school, you have food to eat, you have water to drink. You can even speak Crow. When I was a boy they sent me off to a BIA school where they beat us if we spoke Crow. Next week, if your heart is pure, you will get a spirit helper and have strong medicine. You can be a great warrior, a chief.There arent any chiefs anymore.It will be a long time before you are old enough to be a chief. You are too little to be unhappy about th e future.But I am. I dont want to be Crow. I dont want to be like you.Then be like you. Pokey turned away from the boy and lit another cigarette. You make me angry. Give me your knife and I will show you how to dress this deer. We will throw the entrails in the river as a gift to the Earth and the water monsters. Pokey looked at Samson, as if waiting for the boy to doubt him.Im sorry, Pokey. The boy unsnapped the sheath on his belt and drew a wickedly curved skinning knife. He held it out to the man, who took the knife and began to field-dress the deer.As he drew the blade down the deers stomach he said, I am going to give you a dream, Samson.Samson looked away from the deer into Pokeys face. There were always gifts among the Crow gifts for names, Sun Dance honoring gifts, powwow gifts at Crow Fair, naming ceremony gifts, gifts for medicine, gifts to clan uncles and aunts, gifts for prayers tobacco and sweet grass and shirts and blankets, horses and trucks so many gifts that no one could ever really be poor and no one ever really got rich. But the gift of a dream was very pure, very special, and could never be repaid. Samson had never heard anyone give a dream before.I dreamed that Old Man Coyote came to me and he said, Pokey, when everything is right with you, but you are so afraid that something might go wrong that it ruins your balance, then you are Coyote Blue. At these times I will bring you back into balance. This dream that I dreamed I give to you, Samson.What does that mean, Uncle Pokey?I dont know, but it is a very important dream. Pokey wiped the knife on his pants and handed it to Samson, then hoisted the deer up on his shoulders. Now, who are you going to give this deer to?

Problems of Modern India and Swami Vivekanand Essay

India is one of the fastest developing countries in the world. With its diversified culture, civilization, natural resources, engine room and a wealth of skilled human resources, it is also one of the fastest growing economies in the world. But at the same time there atomic number 18 several problems plaguing our Modern India which are affecting the growth and development of our coarse. Widespread corruption and terrorism are some of the main problems facing India today. decomposition is rattling widespread in India. It ranks 72 amongst the top most corrupt countries in the world. In India corruption takes the form of bribes, evasion of taxes, misappropriation of funds, and embezzlement amongst others. A piece of work found that more than 50% of the Indian population had firsthand experience of paying bribes or peddling influence to get a job make in a public office. The main consequence of corruption is a loss to exchequer, an unhealthy environment for investment and an increa se in cost of establishment services. Apart from this Corruption also leads to an unethical society. This increases the already existing gap between poor and wealthy. This may lead to unrest and destruction of modern societies. This companionable evil needs to be curbed so as to bring back moral values in the society as well as to hire the widening gap between the wealthy and the poor.Swami Vivekananda was, above all, an honest and ethical man on a righteous path. He had a strong superstar of ethics, morals and principles. One of his famous sayings is that Unselfishness is God. Selfishness and greed are the main causes of corruption. If we all followed in Swami Vivekanandas footsteps and followed his teachings, we would know better than to be so selfish as to extort money from other people in the form of bribes and embezzlement.If more people followed Swami Vivekanandas teachings and principles, we would not put one across so some(prenominal) selfish people who only deem abou t what they want and not about the situation of the poor person whom they are forcing to pay bribes. We would not have so many greed driven people who, in spite of having more wealth than the person sitting across them, still extort and tittup the other person into paying them massive bribes. If only more people followed the righteous path shown by Swami Vivekananda and put the ideals he taught to practice, the evil of corruption wouldnt be so rampant in modern India.Terrorism today is a global issue thats feared by almost every country in the world. But its a major issue in modern India owing to the basic religious differences present in India since the time of independence. pietism is the main cause behind terrorism. Terrorists commit acts of terrorism and violence in the name of protecting and promoting their religion. Pakistani militants have constantly attacked India since the Mumbai bombings of 1993 in the name of Jihad. Swami Vivekananda forever and a day preached about th e importance of uniting religious beliefs for the progress of the human race. He didnt believe in marginalizing any religion and believed every religion to be equal.He definitely was against any kind of violence especially for the preaching of religion. One of his famous sayings was The secret of religion lies not in theories but in practice. To be good and do good that is the whole of religion. He preached about spreading religion by doing good and teaching people how to ceaselessly do good unto others. Terrorists today have chosen the path of violence to spread their religious beliefs which is totally opposite to what Swami Vivekananda taught us so no admiration terrorism is such a big issue. Religious tolerance and respect for one others beliefs would go a long way towards dowery us curb the evil of terrorism and also help humanity move forward harmoniously on the path of progress in unity.Corruption and terrorism are two of the major issues eating away at our glorious nation and hindering its progress greatly. Following in Swami Vivekanandas footsteps and practicing the ideals and principles that he preached would help the populace of modern India be less selfish so as to consider the needs of others and less greedy so that people think twice before extorting and bullying some poor guy for their money. It would also increase religious tolerance amongst people so that terrorism is curbed and modern India quarter progress without such hindrances.

Accounting Equation Essay

The accounting equation is a formula that represents the relationship between the assets, liabilities, and owners equity of a small business. Businesses use this to basically salute what it owns what it owes and what its investors are investing. In order to understand these concepts it is important to take hold some knowledge of what is meant by each of the three basic components mentioned. Assets refer to the worth of goods or products in the possession of the owner. Liabilities represent the get along of cash or resources that were borrowed in order to acquire the assets.Net worth is the financial worth of the individual, less either outstanding debts to outside entities. (M. Tatum 2013). These things are important because this is what makes a business of any size thrive. Business need to know these things so that it may make decisions close to its future to determine whether or not it has the potential to be successful and prosper in the future or if they should take an alter nate route to pause their business practice. The balance Sheet plays a role in the accounting equation by giving a brief picture of the companys financial state at a point in time.The balance sheet will represent the accounting equation for a company Assets = Liabilities + Owners fairness stated more simply, the dollar total of the assets equals the dollar total of the liabilities plus the dollar total of the owners equity. The balance sheet presents a companys resources, what they have what they owe and what is invested in them. For example, say a company has an increase of $1,000 to its assets since the owner decided to invest more money into his business. This increase to assets represents an equal increase to the amount of money the company owes to the owner (equity).Thus, the accounting equation will not remain in balance unless $1,000 is added to the companys equity as rise (QuickMBA, 2007). It is important to realize, though, that a transaction can affect only one side of t he accounting equation. For instance, if a company chooses to purchase speckle supplies for $400 apply cash, this will not affect the businesss liabilities or equity. Instead, it only represents the exchange of one asset for another (cash is decreased by $400, while office supplies increase by $400).Finally, a transaction can cause more than two affects on the accounting equation. For example, say a retailer decides to buy a shipment of a new product for $1,000. This causes an automatic increase of $1,000 to inventory (an asset). However, instead of paying for this shipment with only cash, the company decides to pay $500 up front and purchase the rest on credit. As a result, cash is only decreased by $500 and liabilities are increased by $500, frankincense causing three changes to the accounting equation (Money Instructor, 2005).

Reflection on Film: Psycho Essay

In the movie Psycho, we see a character that is the one at fault but is so sweet she is obviously the victim here. When the $40,000 is no longer what we see from Marion Crane, it is because she was murdered, she is now the victim. Robert Ebert, from the Chicago Sun Times states Marion Crane does steal $40,000, but still she fits the Hitchcock mold of an innocent to crime. She was originally at fault here, and then she is brutally murdered for no reason by Norman Bates, who now becomes the center of attention.We must now figure him out Marion has overheard the role of Normans mother speaking sharply with him, and she gently suggests that Norman need not stay here in this dead end, a failing motel on a road that has been bypassed by the new interstate. She cares about Norman. She is also moved to rethink her own actions. And he is touched. So touched, he feels threatened by his feelings. And that is why he must kill her. states Ebert. This point being made, never occurred to me whil e watching the movie, I saw just a crazy big cat that thought she was pretty and his mother didnt want him to be with her, so out of fear he killed her.Psycho was a great film that very was the setup up for future crime films. It is the masterpieces of Hitchcock that really set the standard of movies we see today, he is the master of them and people use his example. Psycho being this horror movie that has a huge unexpected twist in the plot really makes you feel for the characters and engages you in to the film, you almost feel like you are with Marion in the bath tub while she is murdered, you can feel your heart pound from the screeching sound of the music. Everything that was put in this movie was put there for a reason and it all pulls you right in with it.

Conventional Books vs E-Book

As past eras go, theres little that is more old-fashi singled, quiet and basic as construe a obtain. Or, at least, that social occasiond to be the case. tho with the competitive flood of electronic establishers, or e-readers, hitting the market as well as e-reader applications for smartphones, the reading experience has been acquire a progressively modern makeoer. The stats argon in and the fight is on. Overall book sales invite dropped in 2008 and 2009, according to the American Association of Publishers (AAP).While large(p) hardcover books actually increased by over 6% in 2009, eBook sales, which account for 4% of all book sales, acquire increased a whop 176%. be these figures telling the tale of the tape as the publishing industry struggles to regain their status as a recession proof industry? Are eBooks on their way to eliminating traditional books altogether? intimately of us love to read and most of us have our preferences for the platform we read from. Will you b e a traditionalist and stand behind the old guard?Bill McCoy,executive directorof International Digital Publishing Forum, based in Seattle,Washington, utter that while its hard to gauge skillful how the sale of digital books (e-books) is growing, its clear that the sales, as a percentage of the overall market, are in the double digits and on a fast-growing vector. Amazon is saying that theyre selling more e-books than hardcover books. And in mevery cases, depending on the title, they might be selling more e-books than physical books. A relatively saucy-sprung(prenominal) phenomenon is that e-reader, be it put up, ipad or a subjugate of opposite new competitors coming into the marketplace.When we think about our environment, these devices seem to be more environmentally friendly than our typical paper and cardboard book, even a paperback. There are certain tactile to real book, just spot the paper, contorting the pages. But on the surfaces, the e-reader would seem to be much greener. E-reader vs. constituted book is a provocative question. Actually, right now, there are some study problems with conventional book publishing, of which you should be aware, if your goal is to get this community to acquire and then to issue your work.The first one is distri preciselyion through bookstores has never been tougher. Most publishers sell to stores on consignment. If books dont fly off shelves into the hands of buyers, theyre returned to publishers, very quickly. Your title doesnt get very long exposure or time to establish itself. a nonher(prenominal) than that, books used to be kept in print and accessible for longer periods of time, in many cases, for years. Now, theyre put to death quickly, if initial sales are anything other than brisk. Besides that, we live in an era of the celebrity book.If Oprah wants to write a diet book, it will be a monster hit you know that. But the most exciting, up and coming, highly credentialed nutritionist may not have a chan ce of breaking into print. Next, publishers expect authors to make them profitable through sustain(prenominal) promotional efforts. What are you going to do to sell this book? is the major question they ask, and agents will tell you, without a personal commitment to sell your own copies, say in your book proposal, you wont get a publisher to bite. Otherwise, publishers are clueless, themselves, about what to put out there.Reluctant to lead, and reluctant to fol utter the success of others, they are standardised the proverbial deer in the headlights. It used to be the case that if you wanted in setion on a subject you either went to your library or to your topical anesthetic bookstore. Not anymore. By going to the Internet, you can assemble the equivalent of a book, fast and more or less, for free. Publishers havent figured out how to sell content at a premium, in an environment in which so much of it is available, instantly, for nothing. There are alternatives to conventional book publishing, including self-publishing and exploitation media alternatives such as audios and videos.A regular book is better. Not only is it more reliable and you dont have to worry about it dying, but there is just something special about feeling the smooth battlefront cover and the rough edges of the thick, coarse pieces of paper that have been read by so many. If you get an e-book you click, download, and read. Theres nothing like the feeling of finishing a rightfully good book. You want to share it with someone You cant share an e-book. E-books are really only good for travel. Most of the heap refuse e-books either but prefers reading conventional books.Readers like to read in bed so its easier the conventional way they unceasingly find its easier on the eye to read a conventional book. It seems that our eyes feel more tired for reading e-book. Reading in the internet really put ups peoples eyes. Anyway, we should protect our eyes. There are people who read twain bu t by far prefer a real book. In the technology era, there are some advantages and bright future for e-book. The first one is from the finding the book from the bookshelf. Depending on how many books readers have, and how organized they are, this can be a fairly daunting task for traditional books. nigh people used to have organized the books by the name of author, type of the books or alphabetically by title. That fell by the wayside the last time they moved. While they arranged it, they are completely random within the way they organized. That may not sound like trouble, but for someone who has a lot of books, for instance, it can make any one book tricky to find. While assaying for a book on the virtual bookshelves within the e-book application is only slightly easier. Using e-book application, make it easy to find a book by typing the title, by author or by how frequently people read the book.Secondly is travelling with books. Some people used to travel a lot and it was all the y could do to fill the boredom of those long journeys with reading. It meant readers had to bring a lot of books with them, which weighed down their luggage. travelling with e-books is something that they call heaven. They can close to 200 books and 30 or 40 magazines on their e-book application. The traditional books stack lot of kilograms but then using the e-book just only a few grams. From this side, people more prefer to using e-book instead than conventional books.In many circumstances, reading an e-book is far superior to reading a traditional paper book. Firstly, the portability of e-book. The wonderful thing about electronic text is that it takes up virtually no room, in both a physical and digital sense. If readers have a storage card, they can walk around with at least a dozen books, and probably many more than that. Even if they dont have a storage card, they can still walk around with a fair exhibition of three to six books (again, depending on book size and availabl e memory). In many situations its hard to carry even one book around with people.The storage abilities of most e-books allow readers to carry a reasonable collection of reading materials and/or reference texts. Because they probably carry their handheld around with them everywhere anyway, the convenience factor increases nearly exponentially. Because e-book is digital, not only are they super-portable, but they overly open up the possibility for some really useful features. For starters, since most e-book is in some form of digital text file, readers can search the text for words or phrases. This is helpful when readers want to find a quote or another specific section of the book.This can cut minutes, if not hours, off of wild goose chases for particular passages. Additionally, digital formats are assuming copy protection doesnt get in the way that can be duplicated constantly without decay or any real expense. Well dig deeper into the specifics of this issue later in the series, but if the e-book allows it, this duplication ability can make it possible for people to share books with their friends without ever having to actually give up one of their possessions. This is good for publishers (and hopefully writers as well), who dont have to pay any production costs.This in turn should drive the bells down for the readers. While the digital nature of the e-book in theory raises the effectiveness of e-book, it also brings up a few ideas that are interesting and value perusing in this series. E-book also easy to be read. The electronic format offers readers even more benefits over traditional paper books. E-book can be read in a variety of lighting situations, and due to the back lighted screens that most palm computers have, people can read an e-book in most low or no light situations, such as on the subway, during nighttime road trips, or in bed when they dont want to disturb their partner.Advantages of conventional books over electronic is resale value. Lik e music downloads, people will never actually be able to resell electronic books. If they are into collectable books, this is a particularly big problem and they should only use physical titles. Reading ease is also one of the advantages of conventional books. This one is only really a benefit for those that would otherwise read e-book on their computers or phones. If readers buy a commercial e-reader, it will probably use ink technology that will not hurt their eyes with backlight.Never the less, readers dont adopt to worry about this problem with a physical book. Other than that, no devices needed. If readers find themselves in a weeny town without their cell phone or computer, they wont be able to download a new title for your e-book, but they can always stop by a local bookstore and pick up a new paperback. Conventional books have no batteries. While most readers have a good battery life, there will still be times where readers forget to charge it and then cant read at all. R eaders will never have this problem with a standard book.No warranties needed when readers choosing conventional books. If their e-reader breaks, they will have nothing to read until they receive a new one. Some devices let them read the titles they have saved on their computer, but its just something readers will never have to worry about with a physical book. Best of all, if a book does get damaged to where people cant read it, they can just go to the bookstore and buy another copy, rather than worrying if it is still covered by the manufacturers warranty. Next is tradition.Lets face it people are never going to get that square smell of paper or the weight of a good book in their hands when they read an e-book. And while people can flip in the lead in an e-book, readers cant do so in a matter of seconds and flip right back to the page. Amazon recently announced that its June 2010 Kindle e-book sales nearly doubled its hardcover book sales (180% higher). Many of those e-books wer e self-published books priced under a dollar however, data indicates e-books may become the dominant long-form format in not too many years.Are low-overhead e-books better for authors or publishers than their print counterparts? Forrester Research says retailers will sell 6. 6 million e-readers in 2010. Apple has already exchange 3 million iPads, which are capable of reading Amazon Kindle e-books as well as Apples iBooks. At average prices, one would need to buy 15 e-books to offset the $189 price tag of a Kindle, 12 e-books to pay off a $149 Barnes and Noble Nook, and 39 e-books to justify a $499 entry-level iPad (assuming price is the only factor).E-books are up 200% from 2009, according to the Association of American Publishers however, they still only represent 3-5% of total sales for publishers, according to the New York Times. hardbacked books are also up 40% since 2009, indicating that while e-books are un mistrustedly a big part of the future of long-form publishing, peopl e will still be turning paper pages for a while. (SourcesPrintingChoice,NYTimes) The tactile pleasure of worn pages between readers fingers is hard to replace. But when it comes to encouraging people to embrace the pen word,e-readerstrump their physical counterparts.According to the infographic below, people who own e-book devices say they read more than people who dont, at a rate of 24 books per year to 15. Education, escape, placidity and entertainment rank as peoples main motivations to plow through books proving that, whether electronically or via dead tree, reading remains a favorite pastime. E-readers are also rising in popularity, signaling that it may not be impossible to imagine a world without traditional books sometime in the not-so-distant future. From December 2011 to January 2012, e-reader ownership nearlydoubled, from 10 percent to 19 percent, among American adults.And that stunning surge in just one months time doesnt even account fortabletsor other mobile electr onic devices people use to read books and long form content. Worldwide, meanwhile, e-reader sales rose by nearly 3 million between 2010 and 2011. Its also interesting to look at the relationship between actual e-book consumption and ownership of a device that enables users to read books electronically. According to one study, 29% of American adults own a personal e-book device, tablets included. But just 21% of adults had actually read ane-bookin the past year as of February 2012.Itll be interesting to see if and when experiments on the potential impacts of e-readers on memory and cognition are done, as the market has definitely reached a point of no return in terms of moving away from printed pages. Stephanie Mantello, senior public relations manager of the Kindle group at Amazon. com, gave answers that didnt include specifics, but implied massivequantities. For instance, when asked how manyKindles the company has sold since the product was first introduced in 2008, Mantello simpl y said, Millions. Millions of people are reading on Kindle.Kindle is also the best-selling product in the history of Amazon. com. It is the most-wished for on the wish list function account holders have on the companys site. Its given as a dedicate more often than any other single product. It has the most 5-star reviews. She did say that between April 1 and May 19, for every 100 print books the company sold, it sold 105 Kindle books. This includes sales of hardcover and paperback books by Amazon where there is no Kindle edition. Free Kindle books are excluded, and, if included, would make the number even higher, said Mantello.The reasons for the slow borrowing of e-books vary but a constant reason given was not being comfortable with reading using personal computers, laptops and palm pilots (Helfer, 2000 Andersen, 2001). Other reasons included finding it difficult to read on small screens, problems with browser, slow loading time, difficulties in navigating (Gibbon, 2001 Chu, 200 3) and preferring to read printed text (Ray and Day, 1998 Holmquist, 1997 Gibbon, 2001). Summerfield and Mandel (1999) indicated that library users at the University of Columbia would use e-book in some depth when they are required to do so by courses they are following.The studies above indicated that the degree of acceptance of e-book is on the rise but the preference for printed text remained. A high percentage of students indicated that they used e-book because it was available online (64. 2%), provided faster and easy access to new titles (45. 7%) and did not require physical visit to the library (40. 7%) (Table 1). Bodomoet als (2003) respondents gave similar answers and his respondents recognized that digital libraries were very favourable since they did not need to go to libraries and could still read and download books or journals from home.Similarly, Chu (2003) also reported that available around the clock and searchable were valued the most by students at a library and i nformation science schools in the USA. Table 1 Reasons for Using or Not Using e-book Table 1 (b) shows that almost one-half (45. 6%) of the non-users indicate preference for paper format as a barrier for them from using e-books service. Holmquist (1997) found that the main reason for his respondents non-use of e-journals was their preference to read articles on paper, not on the computer screen.Other non-users have mentioned factors such as little knowledge on how to use or access e-books, the print copy is convenient to use, the lack of Internet connection, difficulty in browsing and reading, having no interest, and perceiving the need for special software to be able to use e-book as being cumbersome. When the non-users were asked whether they would use the e-book in the future, only 30% (38) gave a definite yes while the majority (61%, 76) indicated probably or not sure or probably not (6%, 8 2%, 2). While university students operate in a world immersed in digital text, they have not simultaneously abandoned print. It is not true, as Steve Jobs stated and as Nicholas Carr implied, that they like the iPad because they dont read. In fact, for their university studies, students prefer to read on paper, although they also want the convenience of online digital text. Cull, 2012 There is no doubt that new forms of publishing are becoming increasingly popular across the world. Their benefits are those that the traditional rinted book could never imagine to surpass, and they fill a opening night in a rapidly increasing market of readers dictating portability and mass storage as necessary to the current lifestyle. However, evidence shows that readers are not entirely convinced that e-readers are books of the future. They have not caught on as other recent technology trends have, and the consistent theme of simulating e-readers to resemble traditional books, indicates that consumers are not ready to relinquish the time-honored form for this new technology.As such, the chance of books becoming redundant or obsolete in the near future is improbable. The history of communications media tells us that new media often do not replace old. At most, they redefine the purposes and functions of older media (Cope & Kalantzis 20015). Of more value to consumers then, is a co-existence of the two, amalgamating the benefits of each to accommodate for the needs of all, description neither redundant nor obsolete.

Documentation

Initial Proposal Billing scheme Gemaima C. Maglasang Eliza M. Oliverio Melody Sinas 1. Introduction With the advocate of technology nowa years, people get interested with computers. They tried to indulge themselves on it to have a cultivable result in a more efficient and time saving process. However some of them atomic number 18 still using manual system. In this regard, we acknowledge the value of computerized system. As of todays generation, there are rail line existing. One of which is Cuadro Square Builders Inc. It is located at brgy. Cataman high-way Manabay,ozamiz City and managed by Granville Young Te.Cuadro Square Builders Inc. started their operation of their disdain on 2011. As we interviewed their manager he said that they have a running system precisely it was not maintain by their IT representative, it was currupt and lost their files. After six months they decided to occasion the manual billing. So we offer them our planning system to facilitate their work. And avoid losing documents. 2. Objectives Records of available products and maintain description of new products. Saves node details and new entered category of products. Provides economic/financial reports to the owner monthly or weekly and yearly.Provides a convenient solution of billing pattern. Make an easy to use environment for user. Simplifies the task and reduces the paper work. 3. System Features Helps the user to fill up easy Easy to save and locate files 4. Methodology We choose to use Waterfall diagram in our project and in our documentation because it is simple and easy to understand. Phases are elegant and completed one at a time. We decided to use the VB. Net as our programming language. 5. instrument Activity No. of days Remarks Planning 7 xays Analyzing 10 days Designing 30 days System Coding 50 days Implementation 5 days

Labor Unions in US

get Unions mustiness be understood in the context of the economic structures that occurred within the unite States and included the agrarian, industrial, and post industrial stage (Cohen 27). In the year 1700, there were about 220,000 good moot living in the fall in States and virtually 95% were farmers (94 Almanac 53). The farmers comprised lowly communities and at that time there was no need for Unions as we complete them today.Some of the earliest Unions were created in the 1700s when the shoe clerics in Philadelphia formed a Trade Union for the purpose of regulate the wages that they would pay an apprentice and establish the length of time that apprenticeship would be necessary (Leap 29). In the mid-1700s small cities began to grow along the east coast of the United States. Although the cities began to grow, the society was still agrarian in char arrangeer (Cohen 28). As the country entered he industrial revolution, the population began to migrate to the cities (Cohen 28).The industrial revolution experienced a need for coal, oil, and food yield, especially the meat packing constancy (Cohen 29). The demand centered around the railroads which spread out bulkyly during the 1850s (Rogers 7). During this period the railroads became dependent upon massive amounts of information and organization to effectively run their operations. It is during this time period that the railroads developed management practices that included formalized accounting procedures and management techniques for supervisors relations with the many community assiduous by the railroad (Rogers 7).In addition, the railroads began to establish their fork out codes, rules and regulations for operating the railroads (Yates 153). In 1910, the population of the United States had self-aggrandising to 92. 2 million people (Census Bureau 26). Industry was expanding at a rapid rate and the companies that controlled them pushed for great profits and efficiency. Industries besides published their own magazine, such as Factory Magazine that was aimed at arrive at a high level of achievement (Yates 105).Also include for the first time were magazine denominations scripted to improve the morale of the pulverization worker in an attempt to homoize the workforce through articles and illustrations (Yates 74). However, these article were also an attempt to educate the work force in the policies and procedures of the company. Many of these companies also had constructed company towns where the accompanimentory workers were employed, resided in company owned buildings in which they pay rent, bought food and clothing in company owned stores and also company proposed recreation (Leap 32).Many of the factory workers, almost one-third, were uneducated immigrants that could not speak the American language and were frequently taken advantage of economically (Leap 30). The early on 1900s also brought mass manufacturing and the interchangeable move for equipment and machinery to the industries, based on the drives of Henry Ford (Cohen 28). The United States had sour the industrial leader of the world. The industrial giants in the United States gained so much control over their employees that the workers conformed to the organizational agriculture of that company (Gibson 29). c atomic number 18 theories and kindly theories during the early 1900s concentrated on managements side and the more(prenominal) effective production methods. In 1911, Frederick Taylor wrote The Principles of Scientific Management that emphasized time and motion studies, breaking outstanding jobs into smaller ones and analyzing repetitive tasks in an attempt to decree a more efficient office of doing the job. An employees pay degradedly became dependent upon how many pieces could be produced in an hour or a day (French 69).Working conditions in factories were deplorable, with long hours, child campaign and legion(predicate) industrial accidents that claimed m any lives The issues that surrounded the early labor movement were centered around the redistribution of wealth of the companies that employees worked for. The labor movement in the United States began very slowly due to the oppressive actions taken by the long companies over against the labor activists, which included firing employees, beatings, and killings.During the late 1860s to the 1930s, political relation actions supported big business believing that Unions would wholly interfere with private ownership (Cohen 113). Between 1876 and 1896, there were more injuries and deaths due to strikes in the United States than in any other nation in the world (Cohen 114). Companies hired private guards and security specialists to break up any strikers and harbor company property (Cohen 114). Violence often was the result of result of early attempts at organizing labor movements. A riot in Baltimore lasted three days and claimed 13 lives.In Pittsburgh 20 people died as federal officia l troops fired upon rioting workers and fires destroyed millions of dollars of railroad equipment (Leap 32). Violence also was occurring at the coal-mining companies when and secret societies such as the Molly Maguires that would threaten, beat or kill strike breaker at coal mines. Additionally the Molly Maguires, who often concealed their identity by dressing as as women, beat, killed and set fires to the homes of the supervisors and coal-mine superintendents who were not in agreement with the reefert cause.The Molly Maquires were broken up when the Pinkereton Detective mode infiltrated the organization and exposed them which resulted in 14 Molly Maguires being tried and hanged (Leap 34). The public viewed much of this fury with an anti-union response, making it more difficult for the employees to unionize (Leap 33). With the population at over 92 million people in 1914, many who were now working in factories, the government began to recognize labor and created the Department o f stab in 1914 (Cohen 115). However, it was not until 1934 and the passage of the Wagner serve did labor really begin to unionize (Cohen 115).In addition, the government created the National Labor Relations Board to oversee union elections (Cohen 115). The Wagner twist allowed for employees to unionize and also allowed for the unsympathetic shop that required all employees of that factory or company to belong to the union once the union was voted in by the employees (Cohen 116). The Wagner exertion legally permitted unions to organize and provide the much needed benefits for their employees. The goals of the unions during this time were to protect the jobs of their members and fight for increased wages and benefits (Leap 37).The benefits included safer working conditions, health care, sick leave, and vacation time (Leap 37). During these years the American Federation of Labor (AFL) became the largest single federation that began to organize craft unions. In 1938 the industrial unions were disgruntled with the AFL federation and split off to form the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO), which sought to organize more menial labor (Leap 46). After World War II, the United States had approximately fifteen million workers that belonged to unions.In 1946, the United States experienced more labor strikes than ever before in history and the labor unions finally had a firm hold on large industrial and manufacturing companies (Leap 47). The Wager Act had provided the unions with a great deal of leverage and some unions quickly became corrupt and had very little accountability within their organization (Leap 48). The Taft-Hartley Act was passed in 1947 which was designed to curb some of the activities of unions and provide for unjust labor laws against the union that would be apply by the National Labor Relations Board (Leap 48).The Taft-Hartley Act was successful in re-balancing the Wagner Act that gave the unions an unfair advantage of management (Leap 73). The Act also gave the President of the United States the authority to impose an 80-day injunction on any strike that may result in damage to the depicted object economy or national interests (Infoplease 1). The injunctions have been used frequently in the transportation industry, where a strike against the railroads or the shipping industry could effect the distribution of food, clothing, or fuel, that could impact the economic structure of the country (Infoplease 1-2).In addition the Taft-Hartley act prohibited jurisdictional strikes involving cardinal unions attempting to gain control over company employees for the right to represent them in collective bargaining (Infoplease 1-2). The Taft-Hartley Act prohibited the use of coercion by union officials to force employees to join the union, set the guide lines for bargaining in good faith with management, prohibited secondary boycotts that involved unions hit or boycotting products and materials of other companies that manag ement held an interest, and prohibited excessive union dues from its membership.The unions reached their highest membership in 1954 reaching approximately 32% of all non-agricultural workers in America (Cohen 119). The following year the AFL and CIO Federations merged to consider one large federation called the AFL-CIO (Cohen 119). What made the Unions so popular up to 1954 and what caused their decline? Early unions attempted to seek higher wages, less working hours, better and safer working conditions (Leap 51). Early unions also recognized the working conditions of the employees were critical to the production effort and experiments like the Hawthorne Experiment proved this to be true.In 1927 a team of Harvard researchers conducted experiments at westerly Electrics Hawthorne Electric Plant near Chicago, Illinois (Stillman 157). The tests were designed to discover the most effective way to motivate workers and these tests began the human relations era in organizational theory an d development (Stillman 157). What was discovered by and by a five year study was that the interaction between the workers themselves and the with their supervisors, had more impact on the production levels than did wages or type of physical plant that they worked in (Stillman 158).Most of what was need by the workers was the tender acceptance and feeling of worth among co-workers and bosses (Stillman 158). In every work area the individuals formed themselves into groups that have their own customs, duties, and localities to each other and management (Stillman 167). The attention given to the workers by management created a team effort that produced exceptional results on the assembly lines (Stillman 167). The Hawthorne experiment developed the human relations model of management for dealing with workers that existed from the 1930s to the 1960s, and in some variation still exists today (French 70).Training for interpersonal skills to humanize the workplace Unions go along to init ially prosper as they also followed the developments of social researchers as Abraham Maslow, who in 1954 presented his view in human motivation (French 71). What resulted is called Maslows Theory of Self-Actualization where Maslow outlines the basic human needs for survival, then the need of safety and security, followed by the need for social acceptance and belonging, to the forth level of self-esteem, and the fifth level of self-actualization or self-fulfillment in doing ones work (Halloran 104-108).The unions quickly adapted to the needs and desires of its membership and sought for issues such as respect in the workplace, health and safety issues, sexual harassment policies, equal pay for equal work, and handsome leave time allowing for recreational activities. The Unions also became a culture within themselves, sponsoring community events for its members such as bazaars, summer picnics, Christmas parties, and scholarships programs for eligible dependent children of its members .The Unions provided community structure and support for its membership when those needs were necessary (Leap 49). The humanistic approach to negotiating worked well for the unions in their negotiations with management. The more progressive companies such as IBM provided benefits that could out perform the better(p) of unions and therefore IBM never experienced a serious threat to unionize because the work force needs were met under Maslows Theory (Halloran 315).Other large organizations such as the Japanese automobile maker Nissan, has also met the workers needs and therefore has built cars in the United States without the being unionized by the United Auto Workers Union, which is one of the largest and strongest unions remaining in North America (Halloran 315). The decline of labor unions began in the mid-1950s as many of the needs of the workers were being met, either through the companys individual effort or the passage of federal and state laws that enhanced the workers posit ion in life.Some of the laws passed were the Occupational Safety and wellness Act (OSHA) in 1970 that provides for safe and healthy work environments for employees (Leap 90). The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) function is to make sure that the environment is regulated concerning emissions from cars and factories, which directly effects the workers that must work in those factories (Kuennan 4). The Fair Labor Standards Act brought into existence the minimum wage rate, established a 40 hour work calendar week for hourly wage employee wages and also provided overtime at a one-and-one-half the normal hourly rate.The Act defined the number of hours that a child could work each week and restricted the type of affair that a child could engage in (Leap 89). Additional acts such as the Equal Pay Act was aimed at women in the work force as required equal pay for equal work. The maternalism Discrimination Act required that an employer treat the pregnancy as a temporary disability and to provide appropriate benefits (Kuennen 5). The Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA) also covered other disabilities and declared that discrimination against the disabled is illegal.The ADA also required that public buildings and private buildings that are open to the public, be handicap gateible, giving them unrestricted access (Leap 88). Discrimination laws, including sex, age, and disability discrimination, were issues that the unions previously fought to get for their membership are now being provided by federal and state law (Kuennan 5). The decline of the unions can also be attributed to the post-industrial age in the United States. Since the mid-1970s manufacturing has been departure the United States and relocating in foreign countries where labor costs are much cheaper.Manufacturing such as vane production, clothing and textiles, and ship building have relocated to foreign countries over the past two decades (Cohen 110). The unions lobbied severely against such trad e agreements as the North American Free Trade Association (NAFTA) that created a let loose trading zone with the United States, Canada, and Mexico to avoid tariffs (Cohen 119). Many of the industrial jobs that were once in the United States are now in Mexico and even oversees (Cohen 119). While the unions have lost membership in the industrial and manufacturing areas, they have had some success in unionizing government workers (Cohen 120).The unions have targeted teachers, college and university professors, police, fire and other government workers such as the postal workers (Cohen 120). The latest groups to attempt unionization are the nurses, doctors and dentists within the health fields (Guadagnino 1). The public intelligence of unions was favorable during the mid-60s with approximately 70% of the people showing positive attitudes toward the unions. However, the public has lost a great deal of trust in the unions as corruption and a general feeling of not needing unions has evo lved.By 1988 the confidence level or approval rate that was once 70% had dropped to 13% (Cohen 121). The public also blamed the unions for the high inflation in the 1970s and early 1980s in which the public believes that the unions drove up the prices of goods and run by their demands during contract negotiations. The non-union worker however suffered from this inflation while the unions upper level executives were getting paid salaries over $100,000 (Cohen 121). Governments also began to become more conservative in their treatment of unions.An example of this was in the early 1980s when the federal Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization (PATCO) when out on strike and crippled the flight path industry. PATCO went on strike to seek better working hours and to force the federal government to hire extra air traffic controllers to help reduce the stress levels of the current air traffic controllers. The Reagan administration took quick action and fired all the air traffic controllers and immediately used military personnel until forward-looking employees could be trained (Cohen 122).The population of the United States is over 270 million people as of March of 1999 and exactly 14% of the work force is unionized. This work force includes government employees of which 44% are union members (Dine 1). The culture of the population has changed dramatically and a great deal of the people are younger, better educated than the classes that were previously sought by unions (Cohen 123). The new class of American society is more professional and white terzetto in nature that mirrors the service industry that has evolved in the United States (Cohen 124).To add to the union decline was the fact that the corporations that once held the edge over unions, only to loose that edge in the 1940s through the 1960s, have again regained that edge decisively by attending to the publics needs and social attitudes (Cohen 124). Companys like McDonalds have well developed pub lications departments that donate millions of dollars to charities such as the Ronald McDonald half-way house for the parents of terminally ill children in distant hospitals (Ronald 1-4).Corporations also donate and participate in attempting to keep the environment clean. The corporations visualize that reaching the social conscience of the public is good business and worth the investment. In the last two decades the corporations identified with the social issues in America much more than did the unions (Cohen 124). Quality of life issues have become major considerations of this post-industrial class of Americans (Cohen 124).Even though companies have made the worker feel more definitive and accepted, there is still a need for unions. Companies are doing everything they can to save money. By focusing on the worker, they are making labor less dependant apon unions. They are fighting a war with the unions, and the field is the American worker. If the companies win then they are sur e to underpay and abuse their employees. It is critical that unions recruit more agressively, or a lot the progresss they have made will be lost.